【原版杂志阅读】23期 Day 1：The science of networking part 1

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Bartleby
The science of networking

The modern economy depends on how well people connect with others 

SUCCESS IN MANUFACTURING depends on physical things: creating the best product using the best equipment with components assembled in the most efficient way. Success in the service economy is dependent on the human element: picking the right staff members and motivating them correctly. If manufacturing is akin to science, then services are more like the arts. 

Motivating people has an extra complexity. Widgets do not know when they are being manipulated. Workers make connections with their colleagues, for social or work reasons, which the management might not have anticipated. 

Marissa King is professor of organisational behaviour at the Yale School of Management, where she tries to make sense of these networks. She attempts a classification in her new book, “Social Chemistry: Decoding The Elements of Human Connection”. 

The term “networking” has developed unfortunate connotations, suggesting the kind of person who sucks up to senior staff and ignores colleagues who are unlikely to help them win promotion. Ms King cites a study which found that two-thirds of newly promoted professionals were ambivalent about, or completely resistant to, thinking strategically about their social relationships. 

From the point of view of productivity, the most important networks are those formed by employees from different parts of the company. Diverse viewpoints should lead to greater creativity. They are good for workers, too. A study found that catching up with colleagues in different departments was linked to salary growth and employee satisfaction. 

Some employers had the bright idea of encouraging this co-operation by moving to open-plan offices. But research suggests that workers in open-plan layouts are less productive, less creative and less motivated than those in offices with a traditional, room-based design. The quality of interactions is more important than the quantity. The pandemic, by forcing many people to toil away at home, has probably corroded some of these co-operative arrangements. 

Ms King says that people tend to construct three types of network. “Expansionists” have a wide set of contacts but their relationships tend to be shallow. “Conveners” have a small number of relationships, but these are more intense. “Brokers” link people from different network types. 

一、词汇部分

1. akin /əˈkɪn/ adj. 相似的；类似的(~ to sth ( formal ) similar to)

• 联想：a + kin(kind) 同一类的 (gen-)

2. Widget /ˈwɪdʒɪt/  n. （不知名的）小器物，小装置，小玩意儿（( informal ) used to refer to any small device that you do not know the name of ）

• 联想：wide + get (广泛收集各种小物件）

3. connotation /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃn/  n. 含义；隐含意义

• 前缀：con-全部(com-）

• 词根：not-知道（know)(notebook, notice)

• 后缀：-ation 名词后缀(station)

4. ambivalent /æmˈbɪvələnt/  adj. （忧喜参半、好坏参半等）矛盾情绪的

• 前缀：ambi-周围(ambulance 救护车）

• 词根：val- 价值（value, valuable) 

• 后缀：-ent 形容词后缀

5. corrode/kəˈrəʊd/  v. 腐蚀；侵蚀（to destroy sth slowly, especially by chemical action; to be destroyed in this way ）

• 前缀：cor-全部(co+辅音+相同辅音）

• 词根：rod-咬

• 扩展：rodent (parent) 啮齿动物

二、文章讲解

1. SUCCESS IN MANUFACTURING depends on physical things: creating the best product using the best equipment with components assembled in the most efficient way. Success in the service economy is dependent on the human element: picking the right staff members and motivating them correctly. If manufacturing is akin to science, then services are more like the arts. 

1）physical

1⃣️relating to your body rather than your mind

e.g. The emotional and physical strain of the previous day had left him exhausted.

e.g. physical violence/ hard physical work

2⃣️able to be seen, touched, or felt/not digital

e.g. There was little physical evidence linking the suspects with the crime.

e.g. Today, in the Internet age, physical dictionaries seem laughably unnecessary.

3⃣️relating to the way that someone or something looks

e.g. physical appearance/characteristics: She is obsessed with her physical appearance.

4⃣️used about activities that involve people touching or hitting each other a lot/used about sexual activity

e.g. physical contact (=touching): There was little physical contact between mother and children. 

e.g.  Did they have a physical relationship?

2) SUCCESS IN MANUFACTURING depends on physical things: creating the best product using the best equipment with components assembled in the most efficient way.

1⃣️ creating the best product

2⃣️ creating 的伴随状语：using the best equipment with components

3⃣️ 过去分词作后置定语修饰components: assembled in the most efficient way.

（名词+动词过去分词）—后置定语。相当于形容词，修饰前面名词。

3) 同义词替换：depend on == be dependent on 

参考翻译：制造部门的成功取决于实体物件：使用最好的设备，以最高效的方式组装零件，创造出最好的产品。服务经济的成功取决于人的因素：选择合适的员工并恰当地激励他们。如果制造类似于科学，则服务更接近艺术。

2. Motivating people has an extra complexity. Widgets do not know when they are being manipulated. Workers make connections with their colleagues, for social or work reasons, which the management might not have anticipated. 

1⃣️主题句： Motivating people has an extra complexity.

2⃣️展开：物体和人的对比，并且细化激励人复杂在哪一方面。

（Workers make connections with their colleagues, for social or work reasons, which the management might not have anticipated.）

参考翻译：激励人员有额外的复杂性。器具在被部署摆弄时无知无觉。而员工会出于社交或工作上的原因与同事联系，这种互动可能是其管理层未曾预料的。 

3. Marissa King is professor of organisational behaviour at the Yale School of Management, where she tries to make sense of these networks. She attempts a classification in her new book, “Social Chemistry: Decoding The Elements of Human Connection”. 

1） professor：an assistant professor—> an associate professor —> a full professor 

2）a professor of/in …Peter is a professor of/in English.

补充：lecturer 

参考翻译： 玛丽莎·金（Marissa King）是耶鲁大学管理学院的组织行为学教授。她在该学院开展的研究尝试理解这种人际网络。她在自己的新书《社会化学：解码人际关系的元素》（Social Chemistry: Decoding The Elements of Human Connection）中尝试一种分类法。

4. The term “networking” has developed unfortunate connotations, suggesting the kind of person who sucks up to senior staff and ignores colleagues who are unlikely to help them win promotion. Ms King cites a study which found that two-thirds of newly promoted professionals were ambivalent about, or completely resistant to, thinking strategically about their social relationships. 

1）suck up to 拍马屁

e.g. "Why do you think he offered to take all that work home?" "Oh, he's just sucking up to the boss."

2）ignore someone 忽略某人

3）Ms King cites a study which found that two-thirds of newly promoted professionals were ambivalent about, or completely resistant to, thinking strategically about their social relationships. 

1⃣️主句：Ms King cites a study 

2⃣️定语从句：which found that two-thirds of newly promoted professionals were ambivalent about, or completely resistant to, thinking strategically about their social relationships. 

3⃣️宾语从句： that two-thirds of newly promoted professionals were ambivalent about, or completely resistant to, thinking strategically about their social relationships. 

(snob） 

参考翻译：“拓展人脉”（networking）一词已发展出令人不适的言外之意，暗示这样一种人：对领导溜须拍马，对不大可能帮到自己晋升的同事视若无睹。金引用的一项研究发现，新近升职的专业人士中，有三分之二对于策略性思考人际关系的做法持模棱两可或完全排斥的态度。 

5. From the point of view of productivity, the most important networks are those formed by employees from different parts of the company. Diverse viewpoints should lead to greater creativity. They are good for workers, too. A study found that catching up with colleagues in different departments was linked to salary growth and employee satisfaction. 

1）过去分词作后置定语： formed by employees from different parts of the company.（名词 + 动词过去分词）

参考翻译：从生产率的角度看，由来自公司不同部门的员工组成的人际网络最为重要。多元化的观点应该能提升创造力。它们也有益于员工本身。一项研究发现，和不同部门的同事互动与工资增长及员工满意度相关联。 

6. Some employers had the bright idea of encouraging this co-operation by moving to open-plan offices. But research suggests that workers in open-plan layouts are less productive, less creative and less motivated than those in offices with a traditional, room-based design. The quality of interactions is more important than the quantity. The pandemic, by forcing many people to toil away at home, has probably corroded some of these co-operative arrangements. 

1） The quality of interactions is more important than the quantity.

2）toil away 苦干

e.g. She has toiled away at the violin for years. 

e.g. Nora toils away serving burgers at the local cafe.

参考翻译：一些雇主想出了搬进开放式办公室来促进此类合作的高招。然而研究表明，与分成房间的传统办公室相比，开放式布局中的员工生产率低，创造力差，工作积极性也受影响。人际互动的质比量更重要。新冠疫情迫使许多人在家工作，可能对这种合作架构有些损害。 

7. Ms King says that people tend to construct three types of network. “Expansionists” have a wide set of contacts but their relationships tend to be shallow. “Conveners” have a small number of relationships, but these are more intense. “Brokers” link people from different network types. 

参考翻译： 金说，人们倾向于构建三类网络。“扩张者”交友广泛，但关系往往肤浅。“召集人”交友数量少但关系更紧密。“中间人”连接不同网络类型的人。

三、段落翻译

制造部门的成功取决于实体物件：使用最好的设备，以最高效的方式组装零件，创造出最好的产品。服务经济的成功取决于人的因素：选择合适的员工并恰当地激励他们。如果制造类似于科学，则服务更接近艺术。 

激励人员有额外的复杂性。器具在被部署摆弄时无知无觉。而员工会出于社交或工作上的原因与同事联系，这种互动可能是其管理层未曾预料的。 

玛丽莎·金（Marissa King）是耶鲁大学管理学院的组织行为学教授。她在该学院开展的研究尝试理解这种人际网络。她在自己的新书《社会化学：解码人际关系的元素》（Social Chemistry: Decoding The Elements of Human Connection）中尝试一种分类法。 

“拓展人脉”（networking）一词已发展出令人不适的言外之意，暗示这样一种人：对领导溜须拍马，对不大可能帮到自己晋升的同事视若无睹。金引用的一项研究发现，新近升职的专业人士中，有三分之二对于策略性思考人际关系的做法持模棱两可或完全排斥的态度。 

从生产率的角度看，由来自公司不同部门的员工组成的人际网络最为重要。多元化的观点应该能提升创造力。它们也有益于员工本身。一项研究发现，和不同部门的同事互动与工资增长及员工满意度相关联。 

一些雇主想出了搬进开放式办公室来促进此类合作的高招。然而研究表明，与分成房间的传统办公室相比，开放式布局中的员工生产率低，创造力差，工作积极性也受影响。人际互动的质比量更重要。新冠疫情迫使许多人在家工作，可能对这种合作架构有些损害。 

金说，人们倾向于构建三类网络。“扩张者”交友广泛，但关系往往肤浅。“召集人”交友数量少但关系更紧密。“中间人”连接不同网络类型的人。